Ventolin
Class
Sympathomimetic
Relatively selective beta-2 adrenergic bronchodilator
Description
B-Agonist agents are considered sympathomimetic, that is selective for beta-2
adrenergic receptors. It relaxes smooth muscles of the bronchial tree peripheral
vasculature, by stimulating adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous
system.
Onset & Duration
Onset: 5-15 min. after inhalation; 30 min PO
Duration: 3-4 hr after inhalation; 4-6 hr PO (variable as per agent)
Indications
1. Relief of bronchospasm due to asthma, anaphylaxis, or allergic reactions
2. Prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm
Contraindications
1. Prior hypersensitivity reaction to B-Agonist
2. Cardiac dysrhythmias associated with tachycardia
3. Tachycardia caused by digitalis intoxication
Adverse Reactions
1. Tachycardia
2. Restlessness
3. Apprehension
4. Headache
5. Dizziness
6. Nausea
7. Palpitations
8. Increase in blood pressure
9. Dysrhythmias
10. Hypokalemia
Drug Interactions
1. Sympathomimics may exacerbate adverse cardiovascular effects. Antidepressants
may potentiate the effects on the vasculature.
2. Beta blockers may antagonize B-Agonists.
3. B-Agonists may potentiate diuretic-induced hypokalemia.
Special considerations
1. Pregnancy safety: Category C
2. May precipitate angina pectoris and dysrhythmias
3. Should be used with caution in patients with diabetes mellitus,
hyperthyroidism, prostatic
hypertrophy, or seizure disorder
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